fwo_536772 - ITALY - RÉPUBLIQUE ROMAINE (1849) 3 Baiocchi 1849 Rome

ITALY - ROMAN REPUBLIC (1849)

09/02/1849 – 04/07/1849

Pius IX (1792-1878) succeeded the very conservative Pope Gregory XVI on June 21, 1846 and quickly took liberal measures. In July 1848, he declared a general amnesty for prisoners and political exiles. Important liberal reforms follow. The new pope's liberal turn had repercussions both in his states and in Italy and the rest of Europe. Insurgencies break out in many cities in Italy. The insurrection gains Vienna but the troops manage to take again the top then regains the territories of Lombardy-Venetia, beats Piedmont before invading the states of the Pope. Faced with the refusal of Pius IX to declare war on Austria, the republic was proclaimed on February 9 at the instigation of Mazzini and Garibaldi. On June 1, an expeditionary force was sent to Rome to restore order. The French seize the city on July 3 and restore Pius IX.